INVESTIGATION OF VAGINAL, CERVICAL AND URETHRAL DISCHARGES – CERVICITIS

An equivalent criterion for the diagnosis of cervicitis is the presence of 15

to 20 or more polymorphonuclear leucocytes per oil immersion high power field in 5 or more fields in a satisfactory area of a properly prepared cervical smear. This is not valid during menstruation when large numbers of polymorphs are normally present.

Swabs from the endocervical canal, urethra and anal canal should be examined by smear (gram stain) and culture for the presence of polymorphonuclear leucocytes and gonococci.

For chlamydia, swabs from the endocervical canal and urethra should be examined by smear and direct techniques; culture is only available in some larger centres. Good specimens are important for the diagnosis of chlamydia. Swabs should be taken from the cervical mucosal surface under direct vision. A cytobrush can be used to obtain good specimens.

Swabs of the lateral vaginal wall are suitable for examination by smear and culture for yeasts. Swabs of the urethra or posterior vaginal fornix can be examined by wet mount or culture for trichomonads.

Swabs of vesicle fluid and the ectocervix may be examined by direct microscopy, immunofluorescence or culture for herpes simplex virus.

*23/56/1*

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